/* Haomiao Ma — editorial design system, revision 6.
   Light-first with automatic dark mode. System fonts only, so the site loads quickly in China and the UK. */

:root {
  --bg: #f7f5f0;
  --surface: #fdfcf9;
  --surface-2: #efece4;
  --ink: #15201b;
  --ink-2: #3a4741;
  --muted: #69736d;
  --line: rgba(21, 32, 27, .12);
  --line-strong: rgba(21, 32, 27, .24);
  --accent: #1c4535;
  --accent-2: #24584a;
  --on-accent: #f3f1ea;
  --on-accent-muted: #b9c9bf;
  --link: #1c4535;
  --brass: #876a37;
  --focus: #2e6e57;
  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(21, 32, 27, .04), 0 8px 24px -12px rgba(21, 32, 27, .12);

  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Book Antiqua", Georgia, "Songti SC", "Noto Serif SC", "Noto Serif CJK SC", "Source Han Serif SC", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "Noto Sans CJK SC", sans-serif;

  --radius: 14px;
  --radius-sm: 8px;
  --header-h: 68px;
  --gutter: clamp(16px, 4vw, 48px);
  --space-section: clamp(64px, 9vw, 120px);
  --motion-fast: 140ms;
  --motion-ui: 180ms;
  --motion-ease: cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);

  color-scheme: light;
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root {
    --bg: #0f1613;
    --surface: #151e1a;
    --surface-2: #1b2621;
    --ink: #ebe8df;
    --ink-2: #c9cdc5;
    --muted: #949e97;
    --line: rgba(235, 232, 223, .11);
    --line-strong: rgba(235, 232, 223, .22);
    --accent: #1a3a2e;
    --accent-2: #22493a;
    --on-accent: #f0eee7;
    --on-accent-muted: #a9bbb0;
    --link: #9fcab4;
    --brass: #cdb27f;
    --focus: #9fcab4;
    --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2), 0 10px 30px -14px rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);
    color-scheme: dark;
  }
}

/* Base */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 16px); }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); min-height: 100vh; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
main { flex: 1; }
main:focus { outline: none; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
button, input { font: inherit; color: inherit; }
button { cursor: pointer; border: 0; background: none; padding: 0; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.01em; text-wrap: balance; }
ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
dl, dd { margin: 0; }
::selection { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--brass) 35%, transparent); }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--focus); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 4px; }
/* Route headings receive focus for reading order, but are not interactive controls. */
#page-title:focus { outline: none; }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
html[lang^="zh"] { line-height: 1.8; }
html[lang^="zh"] h1, html[lang^="zh"] h2, html[lang^="zh"] h3 { letter-spacing: .02em; line-height: 1.35; }
html[lang^="zh"] body { letter-spacing: .01em; }

.wrap { width: min(1200px, 100% - 2 * var(--gutter)); margin-inline: auto; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; top: 12px; left: 12px; z-index: 100; padding: 10px 16px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); transform: translateY(-200%); }
.skip-link:focus { transform: none; }

.label { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 0 12px; }
html[lang^="zh"] .label { letter-spacing: .12em; }

.text-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; color: var(--link); font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 35%, transparent); text-underline-offset: 4px; transition: text-decoration-color .2s; }
.text-link:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }

/* Buttons */
.button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-height: 46px; padding: 0 22px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; border: 1px solid transparent; transition: background-color .2s, border-color .2s, color .2s; white-space: nowrap; }
.button-primary { background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }
.button-primary:hover { background: var(--accent-2); color: var(--on-accent); }
.button-secondary { border-color: var(--line-strong); color: var(--ink); }
.button-secondary:hover { border-color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface); }
.button-on-accent { background: var(--on-accent); color: var(--accent); }
.button-on-accent:hover { background: #fff; }
.button-ghost-accent { border-color: rgba(243, 241, 234, .35); color: var(--on-accent); }
.button-ghost-accent:hover { border-color: var(--on-accent); }
.button-row, .hero-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 28px; }

/* Header */
.header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 40; height: var(--header-h); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--bg) 88%, transparent); -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(1.6) blur(14px); backdrop-filter: saturate(1.6) blur(14px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.header-inner { height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 24px; }
.wordmark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; flex-shrink: 0; min-height: 44px; }
.monogram { width: 34px; aspect-ratio: 1020 / 715; background: currentColor; -webkit-mask: url(/assets/brand/hm-dark.svg) center / contain no-repeat; mask: url(/assets/brand/hm-dark.svg) center / contain no-repeat; }
.wordmark-name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.1; }
.wordmark-name small { display: block; margin-top: 3px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .06em; color: var(--muted); }

#main-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; margin-left: auto; font-size: 14.5px; }
.nav-primary { display: flex; gap: 2px; }
#main-nav a, .nav-more summary { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 40px; padding: 0 12px; border-radius: 999px; color: var(--ink-2); white-space: nowrap; transition: background-color .15s, color .15s; }
#main-nav a:hover, .nav-more summary:hover { background: var(--surface-2); color: var(--ink); }
#main-nav a[aria-current="page"], .nav-more.is-current > summary { color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-2); }
.nav-more { position: relative; }
.nav-more summary { list-style: none; cursor: pointer; gap: 6px; }
.nav-more summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.chevron { width: 7px; height: 7px; border-right: 1.5px solid currentColor; border-bottom: 1.5px solid currentColor; transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(45deg); transition: transform .2s; }
.nav-more[open] .chevron { transform: translateY(1px) rotate(-135deg); }
.nav-more-panel { position: absolute; top: calc(100% + 10px); right: 0; min-width: 210px; padding: 8px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); box-shadow: var(--shadow); display: grid; }
#main-nav .nav-more-panel a { border-radius: var(--radius-sm); min-height: 42px; }
.nav-extra { display: none; }
#main-nav a.nav-contact { margin-left: 8px; background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); padding: 0 18px; }
#main-nav a.nav-contact:hover, #main-nav a.nav-contact[aria-current="page"] { background: var(--accent-2); color: var(--on-accent); }
.header-controls { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
.language-switch { display: flex; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 12.5px; }
.language-switch a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-width: 44px; min-height: 34px; padding: 0 8px; border-radius: 999px; color: var(--muted); }
.language-switch a[aria-current] { background: var(--surface-2); color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.menu-toggle { display: none; width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 999px; }
.menu-toggle span { display: block; width: 20px; height: 1.5px; margin: 6px auto; background: currentColor; transition: transform .2s; }
.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:first-child { transform: translateY(3.75px) rotate(45deg); }
.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:last-child { transform: translateY(-3.75px) rotate(-45deg); }
.route-loading .header { border-bottom-color: var(--brass); }

/* Home */
.home-hero { padding-block: clamp(56px, 9vw, 120px) clamp(48px, 7vw, 96px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: clamp(40px, 7vw, 110px); align-items: end; }
.home-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(52px, 8.4vw, 112px); line-height: .98; letter-spacing: -.035em; margin-bottom: 32px; }
html[lang^="zh"] .home-hero h1 { letter-spacing: .04em; }
.name-secondary { display: block; margin-top: 18px; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: clamp(15px, 1.4vw, 18px); letter-spacing: .14em; color: var(--brass); line-height: 1.4; }
.hero-intro { max-width: 36em; font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 21px); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); margin: 0; }
.hero-aside { padding: 8px 28px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.fact-sheet > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 96px 1fr; gap: 16px; padding: 20px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.fact-sheet > div:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.fact-sheet dt { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); padding-top: 3px; }
.fact-sheet dd strong { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 18px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.35; }
.fact-sheet dd span { display: block; margin-top: 4px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; }

.home-section { padding-block: var(--space-section) 0; }
.home-hero + .home-section { padding-top: clamp(48px, 7vw, 96px); }
.section-head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; padding-bottom: 20px; margin-bottom: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.section-head h2 { font-size: clamp(26px, 2.6vw, 34px); }

.timeline > .tl-item { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 12px 40px; padding: 32px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.timeline > .tl-item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.tl-date { margin: 0; padding-top: 6px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.tl-body > h2, .tl-body > h3:not(.label) { font-size: clamp(22px, 2.1vw, 28px); }
.tl-role { margin: 6px 0 0; color: var(--brass); font-size: 15.5px; }
.tl-summary { margin: 14px 0 0; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 44em; }
.tl-body > .label { margin-top: 24px; }
.tl-body .text-link { margin-top: 8px; }
.timeline-compact > .tl-item { grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr); align-items: start; padding: 26px 0; }
.timeline-compact .tl-summary { margin: 0; padding-top: 4px; font-size: 15.5px; }

.bullets { display: grid; gap: 10px; }
.bullets li { position: relative; padding-left: 22px; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 46em; }
.bullets li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 2px; top: .8em; width: 7px; height: 1px; background: var(--brass); }

.home-venture { margin-top: var(--space-section); padding-block: clamp(56px, 8vw, 100px); background: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.venture-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: clamp(40px, 7vw, 100px); align-items: center; }
.home-venture .label { color: var(--on-accent-muted); }
.home-venture h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 3.6vw, 48px); margin-bottom: 20px; }
.home-venture p { color: var(--on-accent-muted); max-width: 34em; }
.lineage { display: grid; gap: 0; counter-reset: step; }
.lineage li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 56px 1fr; gap: 4px 16px; padding: 22px 0; border-top: 1px solid rgba(243, 241, 234, .16); }
.lineage li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(243, 241, 234, .16); }
.lineage-step { grid-row: span 2; font-size: 13px; color: var(--on-accent-muted); padding-top: 6px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.lineage strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 24px; font-weight: 400; }
.lineage li > span:last-child:not(.lineage-step) { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--on-accent-muted); line-height: 1.55; }

.work-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; padding-top: 24px; }
.work-card { position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 26px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); transition: border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s, transform .2s; }
.work-card:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); box-shadow: var(--shadow); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.work-card:focus-within { border-color: var(--focus); }
.work-meta { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin: 0 0 22px; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.work-card h2, .work-card h3 { font-size: 23px; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.work-card h2 a::after, .work-card h3 a::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; border-radius: inherit; }
.work-card h2 a:focus-visible, .work-card h3 a:focus-visible { outline: none; }
.card-subtitle { font-size: 14px; color: var(--brass); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.card-summary { font-size: 15.5px; color: var(--ink-2); margin-bottom: 20px; }
.work-card .tags { margin-top: auto; }

.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.tags li { padding: 5px 11px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface-2); font-size: 13px; color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.4; }

.split { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 80px); }
.plain-list li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 140px 1fr; gap: 2px 20px; padding: 18px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.plain-meta { grid-row: span 2; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); padding-top: 3px; }
.plain-list strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.4; }
.plain-list li > span:not(.plain-meta) { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--muted); }

.directory { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; padding-top: 24px; }
.directory-item { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; padding: 22px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); transition: border-color .2s, background-color .2s; }
.directory-item:hover { border-color: var(--line-strong); background: var(--surface); }
.directory-item strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400; }
.directory-item span { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.55; }

.contact-band { margin-top: var(--space-section); padding-block: clamp(56px, 7vw, 88px); background: var(--surface-2); }
.contact-band-inner { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.contact-band h2 { font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px); max-width: 18em; }
.contact-band-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.contact-band-email { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(20px, 2vw, 26px); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: var(--line-strong); text-underline-offset: 6px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.contact-band-email:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }

/* Chapter pages */
.page-lead { padding-block: clamp(48px, 7vw, 96px) clamp(32px, 4vw, 48px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.page-lead h1 { font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 64px); line-height: 1.1; max-width: 16em; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.lead-subtitle { margin: 20px 0 0; max-width: 40em; font-size: clamp(17px, 1.5vw, 20px); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }
.page-body { padding-block: clamp(32px, 4vw, 56px) clamp(64px, 8vw, 110px); }
.page-section { padding-top: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px); }
.page-body + .page-section { padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: clamp(64px, 8vw, 110px); }
.panel { padding: 28px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); }
.panel h2 { font-size: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.display-copy { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 38px); line-height: 1.3; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: 24px; }
.prose > p:not(.display-copy):not(.label) { color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 40em; }

.meta-list > div { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr; gap: 16px; padding: 16px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.meta-list > div:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0; }
.meta-list > div:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; }
.meta-list dt { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); padding-top: 2px; }
.meta-list dd { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.55; }

.profile-layout, .company-top, .education-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.5fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: clamp(32px, 6vw, 90px); align-items: start; }

/* Work catalogue */
.work-toolbar { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.filters { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.filters button { min-height: 40px; padding: 0 16px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--ink-2); transition: background-color .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s; }
.filters button:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }
.filters button[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }
.project-search input { width: 260px; min-height: 44px; padding: 0 16px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface); font-size: 15px; }
.project-search input:focus { outline: 2px solid var(--focus); outline-offset: 1px; }
.catalogue-status { margin: 20px 0 0; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.empty-state { padding: 64px 0; text-align: center; color: var(--muted); }

/* Venture */
.company-word { font-size: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px); letter-spacing: -.03em; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.company-intro { font-size: 18px; }
.business-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.5fr); gap: clamp(24px, 6vw, 90px); }
.business-grid h2 { font-size: clamp(24px, 2.4vw, 30px); }
.business-grid p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 18px; margin: 0; }
.lineage-light { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 20px; margin-top: clamp(40px, 5vw, 64px); }
.lineage-light li, .lineage-light li:last-child { display: block; padding: 20px 0 0; border: 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--ink); }
.lineage-light .lineage-step { display: block; color: var(--muted); padding: 0 0 8px; }
.product-band { padding-block: clamp(56px, 8vw, 100px); background: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.product-band + * { margin-top: 0; }
.product-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr); gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 90px); align-items: start; }
.product-band .label, .product-band p { color: var(--on-accent-muted); }
.release-label { font-size: 15px; color: var(--on-accent) !important; }
.platforms { margin-top: 24px; font-size: 13px; }
.tabs { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px; }
.company-tabs { padding: 4px; border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, .18); width: fit-content; }
.company-tabs button { min-height: 40px; padding: 0 18px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--on-accent-muted); transition: background-color .15s, color .15s; }
.company-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--on-accent); color: var(--accent); }
#company-panel { margin-top: 20px; padding: 28px; border: 1px solid rgba(243, 241, 234, .16); border-radius: var(--radius); min-height: 300px; }
#company-panel h3 { font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
#company-panel .bullets li { color: var(--on-accent-muted); }
#company-panel .bullets li::before { background: var(--on-accent-muted); }

/* Perspectives */
.perspective-intro { max-width: 22em; margin-bottom: clamp(32px, 4vw, 56px); }
.market-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 32px; align-items: start; }
.market-tabs { flex-direction: column; flex-wrap: nowrap; position: sticky; top: calc(var(--header-h) + 24px); }
.market-tabs button { text-align: left; min-height: 44px; padding: 0 16px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 15px; transition: background-color .15s, color .15s; }
.market-tabs button:hover { background: var(--surface-2); }
.market-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }
#market-panel { padding: clamp(24px, 3vw, 40px); }
#market-panel h2 { font-size: clamp(28px, 3vw, 38px); margin-bottom: 16px; }
#market-panel > p { color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 40em; }
.market-lens { margin: 24px 0; padding: 4px 0 4px 20px; border-left: 2px solid var(--brass); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.55; }
#market-panel h3.label { margin-top: 28px; }
.questions { counter-reset: q; display: grid; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.questions li { counter-increment: q; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 32px 1fr; color: var(--ink-2); }
.questions li::before { content: counter(q, decimal-leading-zero); font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); padding-top: 3px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.theses { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: clamp(24px, 3vw, 40px); padding-top: 28px; }
.thesis-number { display: block; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.theses h3 { font-size: 22px; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.theses p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 15.5px; }

/* Education, skills, recognition */
.education-aside .display-copy { font-size: clamp(24px, 2.4vw, 30px); }
.education-aside p:not(.display-copy):not(.label) { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 15.5px; }
.skill-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; }
.leadership-item .metric { margin: 0; }
.metric strong { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(40px, 4vw, 56px); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; color: var(--accent-2); letter-spacing: -.02em; }
.metric span { display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); max-width: 14em; }
.interest-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; }
.credential { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: center; }
.credential-mark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 56px; line-height: 1; color: var(--brass); }
.credential h2 { margin-bottom: 6px; }
.credential p:last-child { margin: 0; color: var(--ink-2); }

/* Contact */
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 20px; max-width: 960px; }
.contact-primary { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.contact-value { display: block; margin: 8px 0 24px; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(22px, 2.2vw, 30px); line-height: 1.3; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.contact-primary .contact-value { font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px); }
.contact-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; }
.contact-status { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: 0; font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); min-height: 1.6em; }

/* Project detail */
.detail-page { padding-block: 24px clamp(64px, 8vw, 110px); }
.breadcrumbs { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.breadcrumbs a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; }
.breadcrumbs a:hover { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.detail-heading { padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 48px) 0 clamp(32px, 4vw, 48px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.detail-heading h1 { font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 64px); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.02em; max-width: 15em; }
.detail-subtitle { margin: 16px 0 0; color: var(--brass); font-size: 16px; }
.detail-intro { margin: 20px 0 0; max-width: 38em; font-size: clamp(18px, 1.6vw, 21px); color: var(--ink-2); line-height: 1.6; }
.detail-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.7fr) minmax(260px, 1fr); gap: clamp(32px, 5vw, 72px); padding-top: clamp(32px, 4vw, 56px); align-items: start; }
.detail-layout .prose h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.evidence-chart { margin: 40px 0 0; padding: 16px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); }
.evidence-chart img { width: 100%; border-radius: 4px; }
.evidence-chart figcaption { padding-top: 12px; font-size: 13px; color: #69736d; }
.detail-bottom { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: clamp(40px, 5vw, 64px); padding-top: 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.not-found { min-height: 55vh; padding-top: clamp(64px, 10vw, 140px); }
.not-found h1 { font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 56px); margin-bottom: 32px; }

/* Footer */
.footer { margin-top: auto; padding-block: 56px 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--bg); }
.footer-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.6fr repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 32px; }
.footer-identity p { margin: 16px 0 6px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; }
.footer-email { font-size: 15px; color: var(--link); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 35%, transparent); text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.footer-col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
.footer-col a { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 36px; font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--ink-2); }
.footer-col a:hover { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.copyright { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: 16px 0 0; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .header .nav-primary, .header .nav-more, #main-nav a.nav-contact { display: none; }
  .menu-toggle { display: block; }
  .header-controls { margin-left: auto; }
  #main-nav { display: none; }
  .header.menu-open #main-nav { position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; height: calc(100vh - var(--header-h) + 1px); height: calc(100dvh - var(--header-h) + 1px); display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; margin: 0; padding: 16px var(--gutter) 40px; background: var(--bg); overflow-y: auto; overscroll-behavior: contain; }
  .header.menu-open .nav-primary, .header.menu-open .nav-extra { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0 24px; }
  .header.menu-open .nav-extra { margin-top: 16px; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .header.menu-open #main-nav a { min-height: 52px; padding: 0; border-radius: 0; background: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 17px; }
  .header.menu-open .nav-primary a { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; }
  .header.menu-open #main-nav a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--link); }
  .header.menu-open #main-nav a.nav-contact { display: inline-flex; justify-content: center; margin: 28px 0 0; min-height: 50px; border-radius: 999px; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }
  body.menu-locked { overflow: hidden; }
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; align-items: start; }
  .hero-aside { max-width: 640px; }
  .timeline-compact > .tl-item { grid-template-columns: 160px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .timeline-compact .tl-summary { grid-column: 2; }
  .venture-grid, .product-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .work-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; }
  .footer-identity { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .profile-layout, .company-top, .education-layout, .split, .business-grid, .detail-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .market-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .market-tabs { position: static; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; gap: 6px; margin-inline: calc(-1 * var(--gutter)); padding: 2px var(--gutter) 6px; scrollbar-width: none; }
  .market-tabs::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .market-tabs button { flex: none; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 999px; min-height: 40px; white-space: nowrap; }
  .market-tabs button[aria-selected="true"] { border-color: var(--ink); }
  .theses { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .lineage-light { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; }
  .lineage-light li { padding: 16px 0 18px; border-top-width: 1px; }
  .interest-grid, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .timeline > .tl-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 6px; }
  .timeline-compact > .tl-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .timeline-compact .tl-summary { grid-column: auto; padding-top: 6px; }
  .tl-date { padding-top: 0; }
  .leadership-item { gap: 16px !important; }
  .metric { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 16px; }
  .metric span { margin: 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  :root { font-size: 16px; --header-h: 60px; }
  .wordmark-name small { display: none; }
  .monogram { width: 30px; }
  .home-hero h1 { margin-bottom: 24px; }
  .hero-aside { padding: 4px 20px; }
  .fact-sheet > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 4px; padding: 16px 0; }
  .work-grid, .skill-grid, .interest-grid, .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .work-card { padding: 22px; }
  .section-head { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 16px; }
  .plain-list li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .plain-meta { grid-row: auto; }
  .directory { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 12px; }
  .work-toolbar { align-items: stretch; }
  .filters { flex-wrap: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; margin-inline: calc(-1 * var(--gutter)); padding-inline: var(--gutter); scrollbar-width: none; }
  .filters::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .filters button { flex: none; white-space: nowrap; }
  .project-search, .project-search input { width: 100%; }
  .company-tabs { width: 100%; }
  .company-tabs button { flex: 1; padding: 0 10px; }
  #company-panel { padding: 22px; min-height: 0; }
  .panel { padding: 22px; }
  .meta-list > div { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 4px; }
  .credential { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; }
  .contact-band-inner { align-items: flex-start; }
  .contact-band-actions { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .evidence-chart { padding: 8px; }
}

@media (max-width: 360px) {
  .wordmark-name { display: none; }
}

@media (hover: none) {
  .work-card:hover { transform: none; box-shadow: none; }
}

/* One interaction rhythm; animate only small controls, never layout dimensions. */
.button, .filters button, .company-tabs button, .market-tabs button, .language-switch a,
#main-nav a, .nav-more summary, .menu-toggle {
  transition: background-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease),
    border-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease),
    color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease);
}
.button:active, .filters button:active, .company-tabs button:active,
.market-tabs button:active, .language-switch a:active, #main-nav a:active, .menu-toggle:active {
  transform: translateY(1px);
  transition-duration: 90ms;
}
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .button:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }
  .button:active { transform: translateY(1px); }
}
.work-card { transition: border-color var(--motion-ui) var(--motion-ease), transform var(--motion-ui) var(--motion-ease); }
.directory-item { transition: border-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), background-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease); }
.chevron, .menu-toggle span { transition: transform var(--motion-ui) var(--motion-ease); }

/* The research explorer shares the page's typography and colours; no chart library. */
.gilt-visual { margin-top: 40px; padding-top: 26px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.gilt-visual .gilt-eyebrow { margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .09em; color: var(--muted); }
.gilt-heading { font-size: clamp(25px, 3vw, 32px); }
.gilt-visual .gilt-meta { margin: 8px 0 22px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.gilt-periods { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.gilt-period { min-height: 42px; padding: 8px 15px; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: 24px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4; white-space: nowrap; transition: background-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), border-color var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease), transform var(--motion-fast) var(--motion-ease); }
.gilt-period[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.gilt-period:active { transform: translateY(1px); }
.gilt-reading { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 10px 20px; margin: 26px 0 18px; }
.gilt-reading > [data-gilt-year] { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; }
.gilt-value { font-size: 26px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; line-height: 1.2; }
.gilt-percent { margin-left: 3px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.gilt-reading-label { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
.gilt-plot { width: 100%; min-width: 0; }
.gilt-svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; overflow: visible; touch-action: pan-y; }
.gilt-svg text { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 12px; fill: var(--muted); }
.gilt-svg .gilt-axis-title { font-size: 11px; fill: var(--ink-2); }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-grid] line { stroke: var(--line); stroke-width: 1; }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-frame] { fill: none; stroke: var(--line-strong); stroke-width: 1; }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-line] { fill: none; stroke: var(--link); stroke-width: 2; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-linecap: round; }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-guide] { stroke: var(--muted); stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 3 4; }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-point] { fill: var(--bg); stroke: var(--link); stroke-width: 2; }
.gilt-svg [data-gilt-hit] { fill: transparent; cursor: crosshair; }
.gilt-year-control { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); }
.gilt-year-control > span { flex: 0 0 auto; }
.gilt-year-control input { flex: 1; min-width: 0; width: 100%; height: 44px; margin: 0; accent-color: var(--link); cursor: pointer; }
.gilt-visual .gilt-source { margin: 14px 0 0; padding-top: 14px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; }
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .gilt-periods { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .gilt-period { min-height: 44px; padding-inline: 10px; }
  .gilt-reading-label { flex-basis: 100%; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { animation: none !important; transition: none !important; scroll-behavior: auto !important; }
  .button:hover, .button:active, .filters button:active, .company-tabs button:active,
  .market-tabs button:active, .language-switch a:active, #main-nav a:active,
  .menu-toggle:active, .work-card:hover, .gilt-period:active { transform: none; }
}

@media print {
  .header, .footer, .contact-band, .skip-link, .hero-actions, .button-row { display: none !important; }
  :root { --bg: #fff; --surface: #fff; }
  .home-venture, .product-band { background: none; color: inherit; }
}